After understanding selenium better, we can learn new WebDriver commands to create more advanced projects. I want you to look at the cheat sheet and create your own automation, feel free to play with the commands. You can put WebDriver commands on @BeforeTest, @Test, and @AfterTest to craft your desired task.

Here is the cheat sheet:

1. Basic Setup & Initialization

• WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); - Initializes a new Chrome WebDriver.
• WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); - Initializes a new Firefox WebDriver.
• WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver(); - Initializes a new Edge WebDriver.
• WebDriver driver = new SafariDriver(); - Initializes a new Safari WebDriver.

2. Navigating Web Pages

• driver.get(url); - Opens the given URL in the browser.
• driver.navigate().to(url); - Navigates to a specified URL.
• driver.navigate().back(); - Navigates back in the browser history.
• driver.navigate().forward(); - Navigates forward in the browser history.
• driver.navigate().refresh(); - Refreshes the current page.

3. Browser Info

• driver.getTitle(); - Gets the title of the current page.
• driver.getCurrentUrl(); - Gets the current URL.
• driver.getPageSource(); - Gets the page source (HTML) of the current page.

4. Locating Elements

To check the properties of an element, open the browser's developer tools (often called 'Inspect Element')

• driver.findElement(By.id("elementId")); - Finds an element by its ID.
• driver.findElement(By.name("elementName")); - Finds an element by its name.
• driver.findElement(By.className("className")); - Finds an element by its class name.
• driver.findElement(By.tagName("tagName")); - Finds an element by its tag name.
• driver.findElement(By.linkText("linkText")); - Finds an element by its link text.
• driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("partialLinkText")); - Finds an element by partial link text.
• driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")); - Finds an element using XPath.
• driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("cssSelector")); - Finds an element using CSS selector.

5. Web Element Actions

• element.click(); - Clicks the element.
• element.sendKeys("text"); - Types text into the element (e.g., in a text box).
• element.clear(); - Clears the input field.
• element.submit(); - Submits a form.
• element.getText(); - Gets the visible text of the element.
• element.getAttribute("attributeName"); - Gets the value of a specific attribute.

6. Handling Alerts

• Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); - Switches to the alert.
• alert.accept(); - Accepts the alert (clicks OK).
• alert.dismiss(); - Dismisses the alert (clicks Cancel).
• alert.getText(); - Gets the text from the alert.
• alert.sendKeys("text"); - Sends text to the alert (useful for prompts).

7. Handling Windows & Frames

• driver.switchTo().frame(frameIndex); - Switches to the alert.
• driver.switchTo().frame("frameName"); - Accepts the alert (clicks OK).
• driver.switchTo().frame(WebElement frameElement); - Dismisses the alert (clicks Cancel).
• driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); - Gets the text from the alert.
• driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle); - Sends text to the alert (useful for prompts).
• String currentWindow = driver.getWindowHandle(); - Gets the current window handle.

8. Browser Window Size & Position

• driver.manage().window().maximize(); - Maximizes the browser window.
• driver.manage().window().minimize(); - Minimizes the browser window.
• driver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(width, height)); - Sets the browser window size.
• driver.manage().window().getSize(); - Gets the current window size.
• driver.manage().window().setPosition(new Point(x, y)); - Sets the position of the window.
• driver.manage().window().getPosition(); - Gets the current position of the window.

9. Timeouts

• driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(seconds)); - Sets the implicit wait time.
• driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(seconds)); - Sets the page load timeout.
• ddriver.manage().timeouts().scriptTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(seconds)); - Sets the script timeout for JavaScript.

10. Cookies Management

• driver.manage().getCookies(); - Gets all cookies for the current domain.
• driver.manage().getCookieNamed("cookieName"); - Gets a specific cookie by name.
• driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("name", "value")); - Adds a new cookie.
• driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("cookieName"); - Deletes a specific cookie by name.
• driver.manage().deleteAllCookies(); - Deletes all cookies for the current domain.

11. Taking Screenshots

• TakesScreenshot screenshot = (TakesScreenshot) driver; - Casts WebDriver to TakesScreenshot.
• File screenshotFile = screenshot.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); - Captures a screenshot and stores it as a file.
• FileUtils.copyFile(screenshotFile, new File("path/to/save.png")); - Saves the screenshot to a specific location.

12. JavaScript Execution:

• JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; - Casts WebDriver to JavascriptExecutor.
• js.executeScript("script"); - Executes a JavaScript script.
• js.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", element); - Executes JavaScript on an element (e.g., click).

13. Actions (Mouse and Keyboard)

• Actions actions = new Actions(driver); - Initializes the Actions class for advanced interactions.
• actions.moveToElement(element).perform(); - Moves the mouse to the specified element.
• actions.click().perform(); - Performs a click.
• actions.clickAndHold().moveToElement(element).release().perform(); - Drags and drops an element.
• actions.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).perform(); - Sends the Enter key.

14. WebDriver Waits

• WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(seconds)); - Waits for a condition.
• wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(element)); - Waits until an element is visible.
• wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(element)); - Waits until an element is clickable.
• wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("id"))); - Waits until an element is present.

15. Element Visibility

• element.isDisplayed(); - Checks if the element is visible.
• element.isEnabled(); - Checks if the element is enabled.
• element.isSelected(); - Checks if the element is selected (checkbox/radio button).

16. Miscellaneous

• driver.quit(); - Quits the driver and closes all associated windows.
• driver.close(); - Closes the current browser window.